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Rules Should Be Helpful!

Vowels, at a level above the single letter, are sometimes quite consistent. Educators have often attempted to take advantage of this higher level of consistency by teaching phonic generalizations, i.e., rules about the language. Unfortunately most of these rules either lack consistency or are too complex to be useful in reading instruction.

The often employed "two-vowel" rule is catchy and easy to remember, "When two vowels go walking the first does the talking." Some of the words that follow this rule, in which the first vowel says its name and the second is silent, are "each","team", "boat", and "cried". This rule has been presented for years in reading materials and is still presented in many materials today.

Unfortunately, an analysis of the most frequently occurring approximately 18,000 words in our language reveals that the "two-vowel rule" is correct only 26% of the time and incorrect 74% of the time. This means that one who learns this rule and follows it will be wrong 74% of the time when attacking words with two adjacent vowels in them. Some of these exceptions include "early", "poet", "coil", "you", "four", and "does". Note that if one were to follow the rule, the word "does" should be pronounced as the word for a female deer. Finally, even if the rule were consistent, it is likely too complex to be useful in reading instruction.

We examined 22 other commonly taught phonic rules and found that only nine were sufficiently consistent and simple to be useful.

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